Front Spring
(for front wheels)

On the front wheel, there are many directional forces at work, not only vertical but braking, stopping, steering, etc. and the multi-functional leaf spring supports it utilising the characteristics of the spring.

Rear Spring
(Double Leaf Spring, Rear Single Axle)

In a commercial vehicle, when comparing between an empty and fully loaded condition there is a significant difference in the load which the rear axle has to support, which affects the vehicle posture, cargo vibration, and steering stability. The leaf spring reduces the fluctuation this poses on the performance of the vehicle. The two springs are placed vertically and when the truck is empty only the lower spring is working and when load is added both springs work, with each load rate corresponding to the difference in load condition.
 

Rear Spring
(Trunnion Type, Rear Double Axle)

This is a trunnion suspension type of rear spring which is mainly used in large trucks with double rear axle. The center of the spring is connected to the truck body by a revolving support mechanism and load is transferred to the spring from both axles at the ends of the spring. When both rear axles are the drive axles, front/rear symmetrical springs are used so the load facter is the same for both axles. When only one of the rear axles is the drive axle, in order to secure ground grip and power on the drive axle side the spring is designed asymetrical to optimize load balance between the axles.